Moving Forward, Together: The Evolution of Defining and Diagnosing Parkinson's (2020)

Dr. Anthony Lang, Professor and previous Director of the Division of Neurology at the University of Toronto, presented this talk delving into the complexities of Parkinson's disease, covering its evolution, heterogeneity, clinical features, genetic/environmental risk factors, and cellular mechanisms driving the illness. Emphasizing the necessity for further research, Dr. Lang highlighted the intricate nature of Parkinson's.

The discussion explored factors contributing to Parkinson's development, such as alpha-synuclein misfolding, abnormal cellular pathways, inflammation, and immune system involvement, with evidence suggesting bidirectional spread between the central and peripheral nervous systems. Researchers are exploring biomarkers like alpha-synuclein for early diagnosis, revolutionizing diagnostic capabilities.

Dr. Lang pointed out the potential revolution in Parkinson's diagnosis through skin biopsy, enabling differentiation between patients and controls before motor symptom onset. While current treatments focus on symptom management, ongoing research targets alpha-synuclein and genetic subtypes for disease modification, although obstacles persist in understanding the disease's cause and acquiring reliable biomarkers. Acknowledging Parkinson's heterogeneity, tailoring therapies might lead to better outcomes.

Moreover, the talk addressed the complex relationship between bowel inflammation, the microbiome, and Parkinson's, noting the intricate nature of microbiome research and its potential influence on the disease, cautioning against oversimplification.

**Disclaimer: These sessions are designed to provide general education and are not intended for individual advice and/or clinical care. The information conveyed in this recording was accurate at the time of presentation.**